Hoof Measurement and Calibration
Our goal is to provide tools and techniques to enable owners, trimmers, farriers, and veterinarians to provide valid evidence-based hoof care.
Why Measure?
Given the unique factors that affect hoof care, we believe it is important to measure hooves. Routinely measuring the hoof provides a means to learn and to train the eye. It also becomes possible to keep meaningful long term records on hoof conformation.
If the horse is working really well, and is comfortable and sound, it might be a good idea to measure the hoof to record the exact angles, lengths, and other measures that make that particular horse happy. Then, a few months or years down the road when, for seemingly mysterious reasons, the same horse is uncomfortable or even lame, it will be possible to take new measurements, and compare to the values recorded when the horse was comfortable.
For a multitude of reasons, it is typical for horse owners to change hoof care practitioners fairly often. In such situations, having reliable records of a horse’s hooves is invaluable. It will give good trimming and shoeing guidelines to the new practitioner, give peace of mind to the horse owner, and help protect the well-being of the horse.
Animal-By-Animal Basis
Although proponents of measuring, we are not proponents of stating ideal values, percentages, or ratios. The best use of measuring is on an animal-by-animal basis, looking for changes over time, and learning which values work best for a given individual. That said, we certainly do believe in ‘normal ranges’ for various measurements — that is, there is a ‘bell curve’ with a mean and a standard deviation for most any measurement over a population of hooves.
Calibration Is Important!
Some care must be taken in order to make an accurate measurement of a physical object in photographs or radiographs. It is not rocket science – it is routinely done in many industrial and scientific applications, and it is well proven that very accurate measurements can be made from hoof images. However, to achieve such accuracy requires some form of calibration, usually based on some kind of a scale marker that is placed in the image at the time the image is taken.
Although such schemes are well understood in science and industry, they are often not in use by veterinarians or by hoof care practitioners. The vast majority of radiographs and digital photographs of the hoof are therefore not appropriate for making accurate measurements since they lack accurate calibration.
Hoof Photos and the Metron Block
For lateral and frontal hoof photos of the hoof, we offer the “Metron Block” which has a built-in scaling system on its sides. Two calibration points are on the outer surface of the block and two more calibration points are in wells that go into the block and under the foot. When these four points are picked in the Metron software, all measurements are computed accurately along the centerline of the block.
By using this “four point calibration” scheme, the Metron block allows the camera to be held at any distance from the block without affecting the accuracy of measurements in the image. Using the four points, and the known geometry of the block the Metron software compensates for the focal length of the camera and always provide true measurements in the vertical plane at the centerline of the block.
Hoof Radiographs and the Metron Block
Radiographs
Without careful consideration of calibration, it is not possible to measure things accurately in a radiograph. There are several ways to calibrate radiographs — but the easiest and most accurate is to have a marker of known length located in the right place when the image is taken. The Metron Block has metal items within it that will become apparent in a radiograph (figure 2.) The Metron software automatically locates this metal scale marker, and then uses it to calibrate the image.
Ease of Use and Accuracy
The combination of the Metron Block and the EponaCam system make taking quality hoof photos simple. The same blocks also are used by veterinarians to take accurately scaled radiographs.
You will find more on Radiographs and Calibration on the Medium publication “EponaMind”.